Farmers Hub

Farmers Library

PDF Books

Knowing Your Tools

Horticulture, Aquaculture, Animal Husbandry, Farm Design

Common Diseases

Prevention & Solutions

Types of Seeds & Breeds

Horticulture, Poultry, Cattle, Goats

Farmers Experiences

YouTube Videos

Commodities Market

Prices & Tips

Modern Agriculture

Technology & Tools

Farmers Library (PDFs)

Horticulture 1

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Horticulture 2

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Horticulture 3

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Horticulture 4

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Horticulture 5

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Animal Husbandry 1

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Animal Husbandry 2

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Animal Husbandry 3

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Animal Husbandry 4

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Animal Husbandry 5

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Animal Husbandry 6

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Animal Husbandry 7

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Animal Husbandry 8

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Animal Husbandry 9

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Aquaculture 1

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Aquaculture 2

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Aquaculture 3

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Aquaculture 3

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Farm Designing 1

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Farm Designing 2

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General Agriculture 1

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General Agriculture 2

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General Agriculture 3

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General Agriculture 4

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General Agriculture 5

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Knowing Your Tools

Hoe

Weeding, breaking up soil, aerating ground.

Rake

Level soil, gather leaves, debris removal.

Plough

Prepare soil for planting, breaking hard soil layers.

Seed Drill

Plant seeds evenly at correct depth and spacing.

Watering Can

Manual irrigation for small plots or seedlings.

Sprinkler

Irrigation for lawns, crops; automated watering.

Pruning Shears

Trimming, shaping plants, removing dead branches.

Wheelbarrow

Transport soil, tools, harvest efficiently.

Burner

Controlled burning for clearing land or weeds.

Hammer

Building structures, installing fences, or cages.

Spade

Digging holes, moving soil, planting trees.

Fertilizer Spreader

Distribute fertilizers evenly over fields.

Drip Irrigation Kit

Efficient water delivery to plant roots.

Land Survey Kit

Measure plots and plan farm layout.

Measuring Tape

Accurate measurement for planting or structures.

Spanner Set

Repair and maintenance of farm machinery.

Screwdriver Set

Tightening and assembling equipment and structures.

Compass & Square

Design and layout for farm buildings and plots.

Protective Gear

Safety gloves, boots, masks, and eyewear.

Seed Storage Box

Store seeds safely, protect from pests and moisture.

Fish Net

Catching or transferring fish in aquaculture.

Water Testing Kit

Check water quality for aquaculture and irrigation.

Vaccination Kit

Vaccinating livestock for disease prevention.

Feeding Trough

Provide feed efficiently to livestock.

Water Tank

Store water for irrigation and animals.

Thermometer

Measure temperature for crops, greenhouses, or livestock.

Weighing Scale

Measure produce, seeds, or livestock weight.

Pump (Manual/Electric)

Transport water for irrigation or ponds.

Mulching Mat

Cover soil to retain moisture and reduce weeds.

Sprayer

Apply pesticides or foliar fertilizers.

Mini Tractor

Small-scale mechanized ploughing or tilling.

Agricultural Drone

Monitor crops, spray pesticides, and precision mapping.

Soil Moisture Sensor

Monitor soil water levels for irrigation control.

Solar Pump

Sustainable water pumping using solar energy.

Weather Station

Track weather conditions for better farm planning.

Automatic Seeder

Plant multiple rows efficiently with correct spacing.

Submersible Pump

Pump water from wells or ponds for irrigation.

Farm Management App

Digital tools to plan and track farm activities.

Lights

Artificial lighting for greenhouse or indoor crop cultivation.

Mechanical Seeder

Plant multiple rows quickly with uniform spacing and depth.

Mulcher

Shred leaves and plant residues to improve soil fertility.

Fence Installer Kit

Tools to install farm fencing quickly and safely.

Hydroponic System

Soilless cultivation for vegetables and herbs with controlled nutrient delivery.

Greenhouse Kit

Structures and tools for controlled environment farming.

Incinerator

Safe disposal of plant debris and farm waste.

Tool Storage Rack

Organize and store farm tools safely and efficiently.

Hand Drill

Drilling holes for farm equipment or greenhouse assembly.

Fogger

For pest control, spraying insecticides efficiently in greenhouses or fields.

Maintenance Kit

Tools for repairing and maintaining farm machinery and equipment.

Common Diseases & Solutions

Fungal Wilt

Affects tomatoes and peppers. Remove infected plants; rotate crops; use resistant varieties.

Powdery Mildew

White powdery spots on leaves. Use fungicides; ensure good air circulation.

Downy Mildew

Yellow spots on upper leaf surfaces. Improve drainage; use resistant varieties.

Root Rot

Caused by waterlogged soil. Improve drainage; avoid overwatering.

Leaf Spot

Dark spots on leaves; prune affected leaves and use fungicides.

Blight

Rapid yellowing and browning of leaves; remove infected plants.

Anthracnose

Dark sunken lesions on fruits and leaves; use resistant varieties.

Downy Spot

Leaf yellowing; maintain proper spacing and avoid overwatering.

Scab

Affects root crops; crop rotation and fungicide treatment required.

Clubroot

Causes swollen roots; avoid infested soil; lime the soil.

Verticillium Wilt

Fungal infection; use resistant varieties and solarize soil.

Bacterial Wilt

Soil-borne bacteria; remove infected plants; disinfect tools.

Mosaic Virus

Causes mottled leaves; control aphids and use virus-free seeds.

Leaf Curl

Twisting leaves; prune affected areas and manage pests.

Stem Rot

Softening of stem base; improve drainage and remove infected plants.

Newcastle Disease

Highly contagious viral disease in chickens; vaccinate regularly.

Avian Influenza

Viral infection; isolate infected birds, proper hygiene, vaccination.

Fowl Pox

Skin lesions on combs and wattles; vaccinate and maintain hygiene.

Coccidiosis

Digestive disease; provide medicated feed and clean water.

Infectious Bronchitis

Respiratory infection; vaccinate and improve ventilation.

Salmonella Infection

Foodborne bacteria; maintain hygiene and vaccinate.

Mycoplasmosis

Chronic respiratory disease; antibiotics and biosecurity measures.

Gumboro Disease

Affects bursa of Fabricius; vaccinate chicks at the right age.

Avian Candidiasis

Yeast infection in chicks; keep feeders and water clean.

Infectious Coryza

Respiratory bacterial disease; vaccinate and isolate sick birds.

Foot and Mouth Disease

Highly contagious; vaccinate and isolate affected cattle.

Anthrax

Bacterial disease; vaccinate, proper disposal of carcasses.

Blackleg

Bacterial infection in calves; vaccinate and maintain hygiene.

Mastitis

Udder infection in dairy cows; maintain milking hygiene.

Tick Infestation

Control ticks with acaricides; regularly inspect livestock.

Bovine Tuberculosis

Respiratory disease; test and cull infected animals.

Brucellosis

Causes abortions; vaccinate and manage breeding carefully.

Leptospirosis

Spread via contaminated water; vaccinate and improve hygiene.

Johne’s Disease

Chronic intestinal infection; test and separate infected animals.

Bovine Viral Diarrhea

Affects reproduction; vaccinate and maintain biosecurity.

Goat Pox

Viral infection in goats; vaccinate and isolate affected animals.

Sheep Scab

Parasitic infestation; treat with insecticides and maintain hygiene.

Enterotoxemia

Clostridial disease; vaccinate and manage feeding properly.

Foot Rot

Bacterial infection in hooves; clean and treat affected animals.

Orf

Viral disease affecting lips and mouth; vaccinate and isolate sick animals.

Fin Rot

Bacterial infection; maintain water quality, treat with antibiotics.

White Spot Disease

Parasite infection in fish/shrimp; quarantine and treat ponds.

Columnaris

Bacterial infection; improve water quality, treat with antibiotics.

Gill Flukes

Parasitic infection; maintain water hygiene, treat with anti-parasitic solutions.

Fungal Infection

Cotton-like growth on fish; improve water quality, antifungal treatment.

Ich (White Spot)

External parasite; treat with salt bath or chemicals.

Swim Bladder Disease

Affects buoyancy; maintain proper feeding and water quality.

Ammonia Poisoning

Caused by poor water quality; regular water change and aeration.

Ulcer Disease

Bacterial skin ulceration; treat with antibiotics and maintain water quality.

Parasite Infestation

External/internal parasites; treat with anti-parasitic medications and quarantine new fish.

Types of Seeds & Breeds

Horticulture

Vegetables, fruits, trees, herbs seeds.

Aquaculture

Fish species, pond stocking guides.

Animal Husbandry

Cattle, goats, sheep, poultry breeds.

Horticulture Seeds

Carrot

Plant in loose soil; full sun; harvest in 70 days.

Spinach

Grow in well-drained soil; water regularly.

Lemon

Plant in sunny areas; prefers sandy soil; water moderately.

Apple

Requires cold climate; well-drained loamy soil; prune regularly.

Lettuce

Plant in cool seasons; ensure regular watering.

Chili

Full sun; well-drained soil; harvest in 60–90 days.

Bell Pepper

Rich soil; consistent watering; protect from frost.

Beetroot

Grow in loose soil; moderate sun; harvest 50–70 days.

Tomato

Full sun; support stakes; regular watering and fertilization.

Cabbage

Cool climate; well-drained soil; prevent pests like aphids.

Strawberry

Grow in slightly acidic soil; full sun; mulch to retain moisture.

Cucumber

Warm season crop; trellis support; regular watering.

Onion

Loose soil; full sun; moderate watering; harvest in 90 days.

Garlic

Plant cloves in fertile soil; well-drained; harvest in 6–8 months.

Mango

Tropical fruit; full sun; deep fertile soil; regular irrigation.

Orange

Sandy loam soil; full sun; protect from frost and pests.

Herbs (Basil)

Grow in pots or garden; well-drained soil; sunlight 6–8h/day.

Mint

Prefers moist soil; can be invasive—use pots.

Rosemary

Sandy soil; full sun; drought-tolerant.

Thyme

Well-drained soil; full sun; ideal for herb gardens.

Aquaculture Seeds

Tilapia

Best for ponds; requires clean water; 6-month growth cycle.

Catfish

Freshwater; fast-growing; needs well-aerated water.

Clarias

Catfish variety; tolerant to low oxygen; feed properly.

Carp

Popular in ponds; herbivorous; water management is crucial.

Goldfish

Ornamental fish; requires clean water; moderate feeding.

Tilapia Nile

High market demand; fast-growing; pond preparation essential.

Mozambique Tilapia

Tolerates warm waters; suitable for mixed culture.

Pangasius

High protein demand; pond management and aeration important.

Rainbow Trout

Cold water species; requires clean flowing water.

Ornamental Koi

Decorative ponds; clean water; avoid overcrowding.

Tilapia Hybrid

Faster growth; manage sex ratios for optimal yield.

Silver Barb

Small freshwater fish; easy to culture in ponds.

Catla

Indian major carp; requires pond fertilization for growth.

Rohu

Herbivorous carp; pond management critical for production.

Grass Carp

Feeds on aquatic plants; controls weeds in ponds.

Animal Breeds

Friesian

High milk yield; dairy breed; requires good feed.

Jersey

Small dairy cow; high-fat milk; good for small farms.

Boran

Beef breed; hardy in arid regions.

Sahiwal

Dual-purpose breed; heat tolerant; high milk yield.

Nguni

Indigenous beef cattle; disease-resistant and hardy.

Boer

Meat breed; fast-growing; high fertility.

Jamunapari

Dairy breed; large body size; good milk yield.

Saanen

Dairy goat; high milk production; prefers temperate climate.

Toggenburg

Medium-sized dairy goat; good milk quality.

Kiko

Meat goat; hardy; disease-resistant.

Dorper

Meat sheep; hardy; fast-growing.

Merino

Wool breed; fine quality wool; good adaptability.

Barbados Blackbelly

Meat breed; parasite-resistant; low maintenance.

Hampshire

Meat breed; fast-growing; good carcass quality.

Awassi

Dairy sheep; heat-tolerant; multipurpose breed.

Horticulture Seeds

Carrot

Plant in loose soil; full sun; harvest in 70 days.

Spinach

Grow in well-drained soil; water regularly.

Aquaculture Seeds

Tilapia

Best for ponds; requires clean water; 6-month growth cycle.

Animal Husbandry Breeds

Holstein Cattle

High milk yield; needs balanced feed; moderate climate preferred.

Farmers Experiences (YouTube Videos)

Vegetable Farming Journey

A detailed vegetable farming journey from seed to plate.

Watch Video

Organic Poultry Farming

Modern organic poultry farming practices.

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Organic Farming Basics

Learn the principles of organic farming.

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Goat Rearing Guide

Beginner's guide to raising goats.

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Fish Farming Techniques

Innovative techniques for fish farming.

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Cattle Farming Steps

Step-by-step guide for starting a cattle farm.

Watch Video

Home Pest Control Tips

Effective pest control techniques for your farm.

Watch Video

Beekeeping for Beginners

Learn the basics of beekeeping and honey production.

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Vegetable Garden Setup

Tips and techniques for setting up a vegetable garden.

Watch Video

Hydroponics Techniques

Soilless growing methods for high-yield crops.

Watch Video

Fruit Tree Management

Proper care and pruning for fruit trees.

Watch Video

Seedling Nursery Setup

Steps to prepare and manage a seedling nursery.

Watch Video

Farm Accounting Tips

Manage farm finances and record-keeping efficiently.

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Crop Rotation Practices

Maximizing soil fertility and pest reduction through rotation.

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Greenhouse Farming

Controlled environment farming for higher yield.

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Farm Safety Practices

Tips to prevent accidents and ensure farm safety.

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Composting Techniques

How to compost effectively for soil enrichment.

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Agroforestry Practices

Integrating trees and crops for sustainable farming.

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Vegetable Pest Management

Control pests effectively in your vegetable garden.

Watch Video

Soil Testing Techniques

Analyze soil nutrients and pH for better yields.

Watch Video

Market Prices & Tips

Eggs

Price: $0.25 per egg (K6). Tips: Store in cool place; proper packaging increases shelf life.

Tomato

Price: $0.50/kg (K12). Tips: Harvest early; grade by size and color.

Cabbage

Price: $0.30/kg (K7.2). Tips: Avoid bruising; store shaded.

Mango

Price: $1/tree (K24). Tips: Water regularly; prune dead branches.

Avocado

Price: $2/tree (K48). Tips: Fertilize correctly; harvest at maturity.

Maize

Price: $0.40/kg (K9.6). Tips: Dry properly before storage.

Chili

Price: $1.2/kg (K28.8). Tips: Harvest fully colored; ventilated storage.

Apples

Price: $1.5/kg (K36). Tips: Cool, dry storage; avoid overripe fruits.

Carrots

Price: $0.6/kg (K14.4). Tips: Keep soil moist; wash gently before selling.

Spinach

Price: $0.5/kg (K12). Tips: Harvest young leaves; sell fresh.

Rice

Price: $0.8/kg (K19.2). Tips: Dry before storage to avoid mold.

Green Pepper

Price: $1/kg (K24). Tips: Harvest at maturity; handle gently.

Bananas

Price: $0.4/kg (K9.6). Tips: Harvest when slightly green; prevent bruising.

Wheat

Price: $0.6/kg (K14.4). Tips: Dry properly; store in ventilated bags.

Pineapple

Price: $1.2/kg (K28.8). Tips: Harvest ripe; avoid storing in sun.

Onion

Price: $0.5/kg (K12). Tips: Cure properly; avoid humid storage.

Cabbage (Red)

Price: $0.35/kg (K8.4). Tips: Keep shaded; handle carefully.

Soybeans

Price: $0.9/kg (K21.6). Tips: Dry fully; store in airtight containers.

Mango (Alphonso)

Price: $2/kg (K48). Tips: Water adequately; protect from pests.

Lettuce

Price: $1/kg (K24). Tips: Harvest fresh; store cool.

Sweet Potato

Price: $0.7/kg (K16.8). Tips: Harvest after maturity; cure before storage.

Groundnuts

Price: $1/kg (K24). Tips: Dry well; prevent mold during storage.

Guava

Price: $1/kg (K24). Tips: Harvest ripe; store in cool place.

Spinach (Red)

Price: $0.55/kg (K13.2). Tips: Harvest young; sell fresh.

Beetroot

Price: $0.8/kg (K19.2). Tips: Harvest roots fully; keep cool.

Cashew Nut

Price: $3/kg (K72). Tips: Dry nuts well; store airtight.

Millet

Price: $0.6/kg (K14.4). Tips: Dry fully; avoid damp storage.

Pawpaw

Price: $1/kg (K24). Tips: Harvest ripe; avoid bruising.

Pumpkin

Price: $0.7/kg (K16.8). Tips: Harvest mature; store in dry place.

Sugarcane

Price: $0.4/kg (K9.6). Tips: Cut when mature; sell immediately.

Watermelon

Price: $0.5/kg (K12). Tips: Harvest ripe; avoid dropping fruits.

Pear

Price: $1.5/kg (K36). Tips: Store in cool dry place; handle gently.

Potato

Price: $0.5/kg (K12). Tips: Store in dark cool place; avoid sprouting.

Beans

Price: $1/kg (K24). Tips: Dry fully; store airtight.

Cucumber

Price: $0.6/kg (K14.4). Tips: Harvest early; sell fresh.

Strawberry

Price: $2/kg (K48). Tips: Harvest ripe; sell immediately.

Ginger

Price: $1.5/kg (K36). Tips: Dry properly; store in ventilated bags.

Garlic

Price: $1.2/kg (K28.8). Tips: Dry fully; store in ventilated bags.

Onion (Red)

Price: $0.6/kg (K14.4). Tips: Cure properly; avoid humid storage.

Pomegranate

Price: $2/kg (K48). Tips: Harvest ripe; store shaded.

Sweet Corn

Price: $0.8/kg (K19.2). Tips: Harvest tender; sell fresh.

Cashew (Raw)

Price: $3/kg (K72). Tips: Dry nuts well; store airtight.

Millet (Pearl)

Price: $0.6/kg (K14.4). Tips: Dry fully; prevent dampness.

Guava (Red)

Price: $1/kg (K24). Tips: Harvest ripe; store cool.

Chayote

Price: $0.7/kg (K16.8). Tips: Harvest tender; store shaded.

Sunflower Seeds

Price: $1.2/kg (K28.8). Tips: Dry fully; store airtight.

Leafy Greens (Mixed)

Price: $0.5/kg (K12). Tips: Harvest young; sell fresh.

Lychee

Price: $2/kg (K48). Tips: Harvest ripe; sell immediately.

Cassava

Price: $0.3/kg (K7.2). Tips: Harvest mature; peel and process promptly.

Modern Agriculture Tools & Technology

Tractor

Used for ploughing, tilling, and transporting large loads. Price: $15,000 (K360,000). Tips: Regularly change oil and check tire pressure.

Agricultural Drone

Crop monitoring, pesticide spraying, precision agriculture.
Price: $1,500 (K36,000).
Tips: Fly in calm weather; charge batteries fully before use.

Automated Irrigation

Timers and sensors ensure proper watering. Price: $500 (K12,000). Tips: Check valves monthly and clean filters.

Solar-Powered Pump

Pumps water using solar energy. Price: $1,200 (K28,800). Tips: Keep panels clean for maximum efficiency.

Combine Harvester

Harvests grains efficiently. Price: $25,000 (K600,000). Tips: Regular maintenance and blade sharpening required.

Seed Planter

Ensures even seed distribution. Price: $1,500 (K36,000). Tips: Calibrate spacing before use.

Rotavator

Breaks soil and mixes crop residue. Price: $3,000 (K72,000). Tips: Lubricate bearings regularly.

Grain Dryer

Dries harvested grains for storage. Price: $800 (K19,200). Tips: Monitor moisture level to prevent over-drying.

Wind-Powered Water Pump

Uses wind to pump water. Price: $400 (K9,600). Tips: Secure blades and check gearbox annually.

Mini Power Tiller

Used for small plots, tilling and soil preparation. Price: $900 (K21,600). Tips: Clean blades and store in dry place.

Sprayer Machine

For pesticides or fertilizers. Price: $150 (K3,600). Tips: Check nozzle for clogs.

Soil Tester

Measures soil pH and nutrients. Price: $100 (K2,400). Tips: Calibrate sensor before use.

Plough Machine

Prepares soil for planting. Price: $1,200 (K28,800). Tips: Adjust depth for soil type.

Planter Seeder

Precise seed placement. Price: $1,500 (K36,000). Tips: Maintain correct spacing.

Drip Irrigation Kit

Efficient water supply to roots. Price: $300 (K7,200). Tips: Check emitters for blockages.

Fertilizer Spreader

Evenly spreads fertilizers. Price: $250 (K6,000). Tips: Calibrate spreading width.

Rotary Cultivator

Breaks up soil clods and aerates. Price: $1,000 (K24,000). Tips: Lubricate gears after use.

Transplanter

Transplants seedlings efficiently. Price: $1,800 (K43,200). Tips: Water seedlings before transplanting.

Sprinkler System

Covers large areas for irrigation. Price: $400 (K9,600). Tips: Check for leaks monthly.

Compost Turner

Mixes compost piles for faster decomposition. Price: $600 (K14,400). Tips: Avoid overloading drum.

Weeder Machine

Removes weeds mechanically. Price: $450 (K10,800). Tips: Adjust blades for soil type.

Controlled Burner

Burns crop residue safely. Price: $200 (K4,800). Tips: Only use in safe weather conditions.

Greenhouse Structure

Protects crops from weather. Price: $1,500 (K36,000). Tips: Check frame stability regularly.

Ventilation Fans

Maintain airflow in greenhouses. Price: $120 (K2,880). Tips: Clean blades to avoid dust accumulation.

Wind Sensor System

Monitors wind for drone or sprinkler safety. Price: $80 (K1,920). Tips: Place in open area.

Solar Water Heater

Heats water for greenhouse or poultry. Price: $350 (K8,400). Tips: Inspect panels for cracks.

Soil Moisture Sensor

Monitors soil water content. Price: $150 (K3,600). Tips: Place at root depth for accuracy.

Hydroponics System

Soilless cultivation. Price: $800 (K19,200). Tips: Check nutrient solution daily.

Mulcher

Chops crop residue for soil coverage. Price: $900 (K21,600). Tips: Avoid stones in field.

Chaff Cutter

Cuts fodder for livestock. Price: $300 (K7,200). Tips: Sharpen blades regularly.

Rainwater Harvesting Tank

Stores rainwater for irrigation. Price: $600 (K14,400). Tips: Clean tank and gutters regularly.

Temperature & Humidity Sensor

Monitors greenhouse climate. Price: $80 (K1,920). Tips: Place at plant height for accuracy.

Automatic Feeder

Feeds livestock on schedule. Price: $250 (K6,000). Tips: Refill hopper daily and check timer.

Greenhouse Cooling Pad

Reduces temperature in hot climates. Price: $400 (K9,600). Tips: Keep pads wet and clean.

Vertical Farming Rack

Optimizes space for crops. Price: $700 (K16,800). Tips: Ensure proper light and water distribution.

LED Grow Lights

Provides light for indoor crops. Price: $200 (K4,800). Tips: Adjust distance from plants for optimal growth.

Solar Fence

Protects crops and livestock. Price: $300 (K7,200). Tips: Check wires and battery periodically.

Field Monitoring Camera

Surveillance for large farms. Price: $150 (K3,600). Tips: Install in high-traffic areas for security.

Precision Seeder

Plant seeds at exact depth and spacing. Price: $1,200 (K28,800). Tips: Adjust for seed type.

Mini Combine Harvester

Efficient small-scale harvesting. Price: $4,000 (K96,000). Tips: Regularly sharpen cutting blades.